Genetic Engineering and Its Ethical Implications: A Bioethical Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69760/lumin.20250001010Keywords:
Genetic engineering, bioethics, CRISPR-Cas9, gene therapy, regulatory frameworksAbstract
Genetic engineering has revolutionized the fields of medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, offering unprecedented control over DNA modification. The development of CRISPR-Cas9 and other gene-editing tools has enabled precise genetic alterations, raising both scientific opportunities and ethical dilemmas. This paper explores the methodologies of germline and somatic gene editing, the applications of gene drives in conservation, and the corporate influence on genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Ethical concerns regarding human genetic modification, ecological risks, and economic inequalities are critically examined. Additionally, the study highlights bioethical principles, regulatory frameworks, and global governance approaches aimed at ensuring the responsible use of genetic engineering. The findings emphasize the need for adaptive regulations, interdisciplinary collaboration, and public engagement to balance scientific progress with ethical responsibility. While genetic engineering holds immense potential, its future depends on the establishment of equitable, ethical, and sustainable policies that align with human rights and ecological integrity.
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