Advancements in Neural Implants: A Systematic Review of Neuralink-Enabled Brain-Machine Communication

Santrauka

This systematic review examines recent advancements in neural implants with a focus on Neuralink-enabled brain-machine communication systems. By integrating ultra-flexible electrode threads, high-channel wireless data transmission, and robotic surgical implantation, Neuralink represents a significant leap in neural interface technology aimed at restoring movement, communication, and sensory perception for individuals with severe neurological impairments. The review situates Neuralink within the broader landscape of brain-machine interface (BMI) development, comparing its approach to competing technologies such as Synchron’s endovascular Stentrode, Blackrock Neurotech’s Utah array, and Paradromics’ high-bandwidth systems. Key design considerations—including biocompatibility, signal stability, power management, and data security—are explored, alongside the ethical and regulatory challenges associated with invasive neurotechnology. Early clinical trials, including Neuralink’s first-in-human implant, demonstrate the feasibility of enabling mind-controlled computer interaction in paralyzed individuals. This paper also highlights sustainability dimensions, such as the development of minimally invasive techniques, long-term implant durability, and inclusive access to assistive neurotechnology. By synthesizing recent peer-reviewed studies and clinical milestones, this review outlines the current state, emerging challenges, and future directions of neural implant systems that bridge human cognition and digital systems—positioning them as a critical component in the evolution of sustainable and intelligent healthcare technologies.