Climate Risks: The Impacts of Climate Change on Tourism Activities

Santrauka

Climate change poses systemic risks to socio-economic systems, infrastructure, ecosystems, and human health on a global scale. The increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events have made it necessary to reassess emergency preparedness systems. This article examines the nature of climate risks, the concept of emergency preparedness, mechanisms for risk reduction and adaptation, the resilience of healthcare and governance systems, as well as the impacts of climate change on tourism. It also analyzes the economic, environmental, and social effects of tourism activities on the climate. Furthermore, sustainable tourism approaches and adaptation strategies are explored, and international frameworks are reviewed. The main objective of the study is to substantiate a comprehensive, multi-level emergency preparedness model against climate risks from both theoretical and practical perspectives, and to investigate sustainable tourism approaches and adaptation strategies. The study is based on a systematic literature review and a comparative analysis method. Climate change is one of the major challenges affecting various sectors of the global economy in the modern era. The tourism sector acts both as a contributor to climate change and as a field directly impacted by it. The article analyzes the effects of climate change on tourism activities, as well as the economic, environmental, and social impacts of tourism on the climate, while also examining sustainable tourism approaches and adaptation strategies.