Effective Strategies for Teaching Music Online or in Blended Classrooms

Abstract

This paper explores effective strategies for teaching music in online and blended learning environments, emphasizing pedagogical design, technology integration, engagement, assessment, and inclusivity. Using a narrative review methodology, recent studies and case reports were analyzed to identify best practices in digital and hybrid music instruction. Findings indicate that effective online music teaching requires more than transferring traditional methods to digital platforms; it involves rethinking pedagogy to sustain interaction, feedback, and musical expression. Flipped-classroom models, adaptive learning technologies, and collaborative activities enhance engagement and performance outcomes. Additionally, personalized feedback, formative assessment, and inclusive design help address challenges related to technological access and learner diversity. The study concludes that successful online and blended music education depends on strategic integration of technology with student-centered pedagogy, fostering creativity, collaboration, and accessibility. These insights support educators in designing flexible, effective, and equitable approaches to music teaching in evolving digital contexts.