The Role of Chorus in Musical Theatre

Abstract

The chorus has been a foundational element in theatrical tradition since ancient Greece, where it served as a narrative and moral guide. In the context of modern musical theatre, however, the chorus has evolved into a multifaceted performance ensemble that contributes significantly to the narrative, emotional, social, and aesthetic dimensions of a production. This study explores the complex roles played by the chorus in musical theatre through a qualitative analysis of literature and selected case studies, including Les Misérables, West Side Story, Hamilton, Rent, and Hadestown. Using a thematic content analysis approach, the research identifies four primary functions of the chorus: narrative support, emotional amplification, sociopolitical representation, and aesthetic enhancement. The findings reveal that the chorus is not a secondary or decorative element but a central storytelling mechanism that engages audiences and deepens dramatic impact. Furthermore, the paper highlights the chorus’s capacity to embody collective identities, reflect political themes, and enhance performative spectacle. The discussion also emphasizes the need for greater recognition of ensemble labor in both academic and professional contexts. This study contributes to ongoing scholarship in musical theatre by reasserting the importance of the chorus as a dynamic, expressive, and ideologically significant force within the genre.