Characteristics of Gerund, Participle I and Verbal noun

Résumé

The article elaborates some bullet points of gerund, participle I and verbal noun. The difference between verbal noun and gerund has been brought into notice with examples in the study. The article underlines that verbalization of the ing-form word is caused by adverbs mainly. It occurs when we add adverb after the ing-form word which makes the ing-form word transform into gerund. In this case, gerundized word cannot be pluralized. If the adverb is not added in the sentence, the ing-form word can be pluralized very easily. Furthermore, some obscure points about tense and voice of participle I and gerund have been clarified in the study. It turned out that  gerund has the category of voice and the category of tense. Like gerund, participle I has both category of voice and tense. Moreover, the tense forms can be in present and present perfect.