Artificial Intelligence in Language Learning: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pedagogical Implications for EFL Classrooms
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.69760/egjlle.2602019Mots-clés :
language learning, artificial intelligence, EFL, natural language processing, adaptive learning, conversational AI, automated feedback, AI literacyRésumé
The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence technologies has introduced transformative possibilities for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction, simultaneously generating complex pedagogical, ethical, and institutional challenges that demand systematic scholarly attention. This article examines the multidimensional role of artificial intelligence in language learning, analyzing its applications across four principal domains: AI-driven personalization and adaptive learning systems, natural language processing tools for writing and grammar development, conversational AI for speaking practice, and AI-assisted assessment and feedback. Drawing on a synthesis of recent empirical research and theoretical frameworks from second language acquisition and educational technology, the study evaluates both the documented benefits and the structural limitations of AI integration in EFL contexts. The findings indicate that AI technologies substantially enhance vocabulary acquisition, grammatical accuracy, learner autonomy, and communicative practice opportunities, particularly for learners in non-anglophone contexts with limited access to authentic English interaction. However, significant challenges persist, including the risk of over-reliance on AI-generated output, the ethical dimensions of AI-assisted academic production, digital equity concerns, and the pedagogical imperative to maintain the irreplaceable human dimensions of language instruction. The article concludes by proposing principles for the pedagogically responsible integration of AI into EFL classrooms, arguing that the most effective approach positions AI as an amplifier of human pedagogical intentionality rather than a substitute for it.
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